Burrell: 'I really wanted to carry on my rugby career'
Important note: This article includes details of racially offensive language and behaviour
FormerEngland player Luther Burrell states that going public to reveal racial discrimination in professional rugby led his career to an premature end.
In a 2022 interview, Burrell described racism as being "widespread" in the game, displaying digital communications and remembering training ground "comments" he had been subject to while playing for Newcastle.
Then 34 and out of contract, Burrell's only elite playing since has been a handful of games with guest team the Barbarians.
"I have absolutely had to end my career because of what went on," he told reporters.
"I really hoped to carry on competing, naturally I did. I sought that, and it collapsed when news came out that there were investigations going on.
"This situation was challenging - I had to simply come to terms with the outcome and accept that this entire process is a lot bigger than me."
A sports organization report in April 2023 found Burrell's claims were true "on the balance of probability", but said it could not gather sufficient evidence to definitively say they happened at Newcastle.
Luther Burrell played in all of England's Six Nations games in 2014 and 2015, but was controversially excluded for their team for the 2015 World Cup
Burrell told media he also encountered discrimination within the England set-up, during a international career that saw him win 15 caps after his first game in 2014.
"I've had multiple distressing experiences within England camp," he stated.
"Some discrimination and other just outdated thinking that's really inappropriate."
Racism had become accepted in team environments, in Burrell's experience.
"This is something that has been dressed up as banter and that's been the issue that I've personally experienced and seen," said Burrell, who is of Jamaican heritage.
"Over a period of time you just begin to think that it's the standard and that is fine and that it's not malicious, but that's nonsense."
Burrell says he was finally motivated to go public after a fellow player at Newcastle called him as a "enslaved person" and told him to put sunscreen on his arms and legs "where chains would be placed."
The governing body said Burrell's revelations had led to "increased scrutiny at the culture within the professional level and to the introduction of an action plan for the elite level."
"We has placed significant attention on diversity and inclusion in rugby union and a substantial amount of work undertaken both before and after Luther Burrell came forward and revealed his encounters of racism and classism," it continued.
"We are continuing work with teams and stakeholders in the professional game to strive for a culture of inclusivity but recognize this takes time and is an ongoing process."
Every Premiership and PWR club now has face-to-face education on creating inclusive cultures, with its success tracked via specific documentation and feedback.
All England athletes, including age-grade squads, are trained in being "active bystanders" to intervene and protect others from harmful conduct.
"You should be so pleased of what you have accomplished," Burrell's mother Joyce said to him as part of the film about his experiences.
"We know it has had this effect on you and finished your playing days, but in our eyes, you have achieved so well. We are so proud of you and to have you as a family member."
Burrell's dad Geoff passed away shortly after the filming of the documentary, and his sister died earlier this year.
Burrell, who grew up on a social housing in his hometown, maintains his work to make the game more accessible.
His charitable organization works to connect with young people in under-served communities and help them succeed on and off the pitch with free sports coaching, guidance and dietary education.
"My personal motivations are genuine, I want to see the evolution of the game and if nobody else is prepared to tell their story then I'll persist to advocate for that fight because I'm not just pursuing this for myself," he said.
"We have an obligation to make the sport as great as it can be and the longer I talk about it hopefully the more confident others will become about sharing their own stories as well.
"I need to take the challenge by the horns and continue bearing this banner and keep supporting this responsibility and accomplish what I can to develop opportunities and make the game more attractive and more welcoming.
"There are a lot of underprivileged children and a lot of poverty and I sincerely think that the sport has the ability to transform their lives, just as it transformed things for me."
Burrell scored a try for the Barbarians on a comeback to former club Northampton in November 2022